package CollectionEx;

// quick and dirty without typing java.util.ArrayList etc
import java.util.*;

// example of using List classes
public class ListExample {
	
	// assumes we have a Cat class
	public static void catExample() {
	  List<Cat> cattery = new ArrayList<>();

	  cattery.add(new Cat("Muffy", 2));
	  cattery.add(new Cat("Fluffy", 5));
	  cattery.add(new Cat("Clyde", 3));

	  for (Cat elt : cattery ) {
	  	  elt.miaow();
	  }

	  // create a cat we can use for searching for Fluffy
	  Cat searchCat = new Cat("Fluffy", 5);
    
	  // based on Cat's equals, see if cat is there
	  if (cattery.contains(searchCat)) {
	  	  // index where cat is found
	  	  int foundIndex = cattery.indexOf(searchCat);
	  	  // cat in List at that index
	  	  Cat foundCat = cattery.get(foundIndex);

	  	  // update the cat inside the array
	  	  foundCat.setAge(foundCat.getAge() +1);
	
	
	   	  // same thing no temp variables
	  	  cattery.get(cattery.indexOf(searchCat)).setAge(
	  	  	  cattery.get(cattery.indexOf(searchCat)).getAge() 
	  	  	  +1);
		  }
	  }

	
	
	// example with strings
	public static void stringExample() {
		// ArrayList is a generic type, here we make one of strings
		//ArrayList<String> monsters = new ArrayList<String>();
		//ArrayList<String> monsters = new ArrayList<>(); // empty diamond -- type inference
            
		List<String> monsters = new ArrayList<>(); // polymorphism, could swap in LinkedList
		//List<String> monsters = new LinkedList<>(); // polymorphism, could swap in LinkedList
		
		// can check for empty list
		if (monsters.isEmpty()){
			System.out.println("Yes of course it's empty");
		}
		
		// putting new items in list
		monsters.add("Dalek");
		monsters.add("Cyberman");
		monsters.add("Voords");
		monsters.add("Nimon");
		monsters.add("Silurians");
		monsters.add("Autons");
		monsters.add("Axons");
		
		// ArrayList toString is friendly
		System.out.println("Original list " + monsters); 
		
		// also works with for each
		for(String s : monsters) {
			System.out.println(s);
		}

		// find how many items .size() not .length
		System.out.println("list contains " + monsters.size() + " items.");
		
		// check for items .contains(
		System.out.println("list contains Nimon: " + monsters.contains("Nimon"));
		System.out.println("list contains Slitheen: " + monsters.contains("Slitheen"));
		
		// find the index of an item .indexOf(
		System.out.println("Autons are at " + monsters.indexOf("Autons"));
		
		// get item at a certain index .get(
		String astring = monsters.get(3);
		System.out.println("Found at index 3: " + astring);
		
		// remove an item from the list -- leaves no hole .remove(
		// returns a boolean so we know if it was there in the first place
		boolean voordsWereThere = monsters.remove("Voords"); // true
		if (voordsWereThere) {
				System.out.println("without Voords: " + monsters); 
		}

		boolean vogonsWereThere = monsters.remove("Vogons"); // false
		if (vogonsWereThere) {
				System.out.println("without Vogons " + monsters); 
		}

		// can also remove based on index -- here removing the last item
		monsters.remove(monsters.size()-1);
		System.out.println("shorter list " +monsters); 
		
		// insert an item at a certain index -- moves rest of items down
		monsters.add(3, "Vardans");
		System.out.println("after insert " + monsters); 

		// set the item at a certain index to a new value, replacing the old
		monsters.set(4, "Aboriginal Earth Reptiles");
		System.out.println("after set " + monsters); 

		// ArrayList.RangeCheck exception -- there are only 6 spots in the list, can't put an item at index 8
		//monsters.set(8, "Haemovores");

		
		monsters.add("Drashigs");
		monsters.add("Tractators");
		monsters.add("Tereleptils");
		monsters.add("Movellans");
		monsters.add("Draconians");
		monsters.add("Sontarans");
		System.out.println("more stuff: " + monsters);
		
		//sort the list -- CHANGES CONTENTS OF LIST!!
		Collections.sort(monsters); // uses compareTo from String
		System.out.println("alphabetical: " + monsters);
		
                
		
		// ITERATORS
		
		// iterator helps get at the elements of an ArrayList
		ListIterator<String> lit = monsters.listIterator();
		
		// as long as there is one more element after current position, print it with its index
		// hasNext checks if there is one
		// next gets the next one and updates the index
		while(lit.hasNext()) {
			System.out.println(lit.nextIndex() + ": " +  lit.next());
		}
		// now we must be past the end of the list
		
		// now at end of the list, but we can move backwards
		while(lit.hasPrevious()) {
			System.out.println(lit.previousIndex() + ": " +  lit.previous());
		}

		// passing in monsters.size() to start iterator at end of list
		ListIterator<String> backlit = monsters.listIterator(monsters.size());

		// as long as there is one more element before current position, print it with its index
		while(backlit.hasPrevious()) {
			System.out.println(backlit.previousIndex() + ": " +  backlit.previous());
		}
                
                // new arraylist to hold the ones with long names
                List<String> longMonsters = new ArrayList<>();
                
		// remember lit is back at start again
                while (lit.hasNext()){
                    // remove all the ones that are too long
                    String curr = lit.next();
                    if (curr.length() > 8) {
                        // put into the other arraylist
                        longMonsters.add(curr);
                        // removes whatever was most recently returned from next()
                        lit.remove();
                    }
                }
                System.out.println("List with long names removed:");
                
                // foreach works, has no moving backward, no remove
                for (String s : monsters) {
                    System.out.println(s);
                }
                
                System.out.println("Just the long monsters");
                for (String s : longMonsters) {
                    System.out.println(s);
                }
	}

	
	
	// call examples
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		stringExample();
	}

}